Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 13 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 1886 |
| Missing cells | 0 |
| Missing cells (%) | 0.0% |
| Duplicate rows | 0 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 0.0% |
| Total size in memory | 426.8 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 231.7 B |
Variable types
| Numeric | 11 |
|---|---|
| Categorical | 2 |
country_name has a high cardinality: 149 distinct values | High cardinality |
life_ladder is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 4 other fields | High correlation |
log_gdp_per_capita is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
social_support is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
freedom_to_make_life_choices is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
positive_affect is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
life_ladder is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 4 other fields | High correlation |
log_gdp_per_capita is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
social_support is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
freedom_to_make_life_choices is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
positive_affect is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
life_ladder is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 2 other fields | High correlation |
log_gdp_per_capita is highly correlated with life_ladder and 2 other fields | High correlation |
social_support is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth is highly correlated with life_ladder and 1 other fields | High correlation |
df_index is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 1 other fields | High correlation |
life_ladder is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 6 other fields | High correlation |
log_gdp_per_capita is highly correlated with df_index and 8 other fields | High correlation |
social_support is highly correlated with life_ladder and 5 other fields | High correlation |
healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth is highly correlated with life_ladder and 4 other fields | High correlation |
freedom_to_make_life_choices is highly correlated with life_ladder and 6 other fields | High correlation |
generosity is highly correlated with log_gdp_per_capita and 1 other fields | High correlation |
perceptions_of_corruption is highly correlated with life_ladder and 3 other fields | High correlation |
positive_affect is highly correlated with life_ladder and 4 other fields | High correlation |
negative_affect is highly correlated with regional_indicator | High correlation |
regional_indicator is highly correlated with df_index and 9 other fields | High correlation |
country_name is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
df_index has unique values | Unique |
life_ladder has unique values | Unique |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2022-06-24 13:53:24.650559 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2022-06-24 13:53:49.390950 |
| Duration | 24.74 seconds |
| Software version | pandas-profiling v3.2.0 |
| Download configuration | config.json |
| Distinct | 1886 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 972.3303287 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 1948 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.1% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 98.25 |
| Q1 | 498.25 |
| median | 970.5 |
| Q3 | 1447.75 |
| 95-th percentile | 1853.75 |
| Maximum | 1948 |
| Range | 1948 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 949.5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 559.4115557 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.575330769 |
| Kurtosis | -1.167925316 |
| Mean | 972.3303287 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 475 |
| Skewness | 0.01065180916 |
| Sum | 1833815 |
| Variance | 312941.2887 |
| Monotonicity | Strictly increasing |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1281 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1293 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1292 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1291 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1290 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1289 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1288 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1287 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1286 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1876) | 1876 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | |
| 2 | 1 | |
| 3 | 1 | |
| 4 | 1 | |
| 5 | 1 | |
| 6 | 1 | |
| 7 | 1 | |
| 8 | 1 | |
| 9 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 1948 | 1 | |
| 1947 | 1 | |
| 1946 | 1 | |
| 1945 | 1 | |
| 1944 | 1 | |
| 1943 | 1 | |
| 1942 | 1 | |
| 1941 | 1 | |
| 1940 | 1 | |
| 1939 | 1 |
| Distinct | 149 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 7.9% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 120.3 KiB |
| Zimbabwe | 15 |
|---|---|
| Germany | 15 |
| Lithuania | 15 |
| South Africa | 15 |
| Denmark | 15 |
| Other values (144) |
Length
| Max length | 25 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 23 |
| Mean length | 8.275185578 |
| Min length | 4 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 15607 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 52 |
| Distinct categories | 6 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
Unique
| Unique | 1 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.1% |
Sample
| 1st row | Afghanistan |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | Afghanistan |
| 3rd row | Afghanistan |
| 4th row | Afghanistan |
| 5th row | Afghanistan |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Zimbabwe | 15 | 0.8% |
| Germany | 15 | 0.8% |
| Lithuania | 15 | 0.8% |
| South Africa | 15 | 0.8% |
| Denmark | 15 | 0.8% |
| Dominican Republic | 15 | 0.8% |
| Ecuador | 15 | 0.8% |
| Egypt | 15 | 0.8% |
| El Salvador | 15 | 0.8% |
| Ukraine | 15 | 0.8% |
| Other values (139) | 1736 |
Length
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| united | 43 | 1.9% |
| china | 39 | 1.7% |
| south | 30 | 1.3% |
| republic | 27 | 1.2% |
| of | 24 | 1.1% |
| north | 20 | 0.9% |
| cyprus | 20 | 0.9% |
| zimbabwe | 15 | 0.7% |
| argentina | 15 | 0.7% |
| bolivia | 15 | 0.7% |
| Other values (159) | 2009 |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2438 | |
| i | 1374 | 8.8% |
| n | 1267 | 8.1% |
| e | 1064 | 6.8% |
| r | 912 | 5.8% |
| o | 862 | 5.5% |
| t | 566 | 3.6% |
| l | 564 | 3.6% |
| u | 482 | 3.1% |
| s | 479 | 3.1% |
| Other values (42) | 5599 |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 12941 | |
| Uppercase Letter | 2242 | 14.4% |
| Space Separator | 371 | 2.4% |
| Other Punctuation | 33 | 0.2% |
| Open Punctuation | 10 | 0.1% |
| Close Punctuation | 10 | 0.1% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2438 | |
| i | 1374 | |
| n | 1267 | |
| e | 1064 | 8.2% |
| r | 912 | 7.0% |
| o | 862 | 6.7% |
| t | 566 | 4.4% |
| l | 564 | 4.4% |
| u | 482 | 3.7% |
| s | 479 | 3.7% |
| Other values (16) | 2933 |
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| S | 219 | 9.8% |
| C | 212 | 9.5% |
| M | 177 | 7.9% |
| B | 161 | 7.2% |
| A | 157 | 7.0% |
| P | 124 | 5.5% |
| N | 119 | 5.3% |
| T | 118 | 5.3% |
| I | 115 | 5.1% |
| K | 111 | 5.0% |
| Other values (12) | 729 |
Space Separator
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 371 |
Other Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| . | 33 |
Open Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ( | 10 |
Close Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ) | 10 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 15183 | |
| Common | 424 | 2.7% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2438 | |
| i | 1374 | 9.0% |
| n | 1267 | 8.3% |
| e | 1064 | 7.0% |
| r | 912 | 6.0% |
| o | 862 | 5.7% |
| t | 566 | 3.7% |
| l | 564 | 3.7% |
| u | 482 | 3.2% |
| s | 479 | 3.2% |
| Other values (38) | 5175 |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 371 | ||
| . | 33 | 7.8% |
| ( | 10 | 2.4% |
| ) | 10 | 2.4% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 15607 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2438 | |
| i | 1374 | 8.8% |
| n | 1267 | 8.1% |
| e | 1064 | 6.8% |
| r | 912 | 5.8% |
| o | 862 | 5.5% |
| t | 566 | 3.6% |
| l | 564 | 3.6% |
| u | 482 | 3.1% |
| s | 479 | 3.1% |
| Other values (42) | 5599 |
year
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 16 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2013.259809 |
| Minimum | 2005 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 2020 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2005 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 2006 |
| Q1 | 2010 |
| median | 2013 |
| Q3 | 2017 |
| 95-th percentile | 2019.75 |
| Maximum | 2020 |
| Range | 15 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 7 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 4.195279242 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.002083824066 |
| Kurtosis | -1.088867037 |
| Mean | 2013.259809 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 4 |
| Skewness | -0.1444634789 |
| Sum | 3797008 |
| Variance | 17.60036792 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2019 | 144 | 7.6% |
| 2017 | 143 | 7.6% |
| 2018 | 142 | 7.5% |
| 2014 | 138 | 7.3% |
| 2016 | 138 | 7.3% |
| 2015 | 137 | 7.3% |
| 2011 | 136 | 7.2% |
| 2012 | 135 | 7.2% |
| 2013 | 132 | 7.0% |
| 2010 | 118 | 6.3% |
| Other values (6) | 523 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2005 | 27 | 1.4% |
| 2006 | 87 | |
| 2007 | 99 | |
| 2008 | 107 | |
| 2009 | 108 | |
| 2010 | 118 | |
| 2011 | 136 | |
| 2012 | 135 | |
| 2013 | 132 | |
| 2014 | 138 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2020 | 95 | |
| 2019 | 144 | |
| 2018 | 142 | |
| 2017 | 143 | |
| 2016 | 138 | |
| 2015 | 137 | |
| 2014 | 138 | |
| 2013 | 132 | |
| 2012 | 135 | |
| 2011 | 136 |
life_ladder
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONUNIQUE| Distinct | 1886 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 5.487640503 |
| Minimum | 2.375091791 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 8.01893425 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2.375091791 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 3.726088405 |
| Q1 | 4.660373926 |
| median | 5.404919863 |
| Q3 | 6.299232125 |
| 95-th percentile | 7.395317435 |
| Maximum | 8.01893425 |
| Range | 5.643842459 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1.638858199 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.11035049 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2023365943 |
| Kurtosis | -0.703269227 |
| Mean | 5.487640503 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.8004417419 |
| Skewness | 0.073335838 |
| Sum | 10349.68999 |
| Variance | 1.232878211 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3.723589897 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 5.566802502 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 5.203825951 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 5.186190605 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 4.639647484 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 4.898180008 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 4.180202007 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 4.428021908 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 4.493598461 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 5.4666152 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1876) | 1876 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2.375091791 | 1 | |
| 2.66171813 | 1 | |
| 2.693523169 | 1 | |
| 2.694303274 | 1 | |
| 2.701591253 | 1 | |
| 2.807855129 | 1 | |
| 2.83895874 | 1 | |
| 2.90273428 | 1 | |
| 2.904535055 | 1 | |
| 2.936220884 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 8.01893425 | 1 | |
| 7.970891953 | 1 | |
| 7.889349937 | 1 | |
| 7.85810709 | 1 | |
| 7.834233284 | 1 | |
| 7.788251877 | 1 | |
| 7.78823185 | 1 | |
| 7.780347824 | 1 | |
| 7.776208878 | 1 | |
| 7.770515442 | 1 |
log_gdp_per_capita
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATION| Distinct | 1862 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 98.7% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 9.388737732 |
| Minimum | 6.635322094 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 11.64816856 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 6.635322094 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 7.408512115 |
| Q1 | 8.488996744 |
| median | 9.461041451 |
| Q3 | 10.35551786 |
| 95-th percentile | 10.92353702 |
| Maximum | 11.64816856 |
| Range | 5.01284647 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1.86652112 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.132724906 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1206471986 |
| Kurtosis | -0.842710587 |
| Mean | 9.388737732 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.933139801 |
| Skewness | -0.3246212692 |
| Sum | 17707.15936 |
| Variance | 1.283065712 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 9.460323334 | 25 | 1.3% |
| 7.370099545 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 8.503567696 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 9.518449783 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 9.496163368 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 9.463950157 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 9.416015625 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 8.484203339 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 8.543931961 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 8.547737122 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1852) | 1852 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 6.635322094 | 1 | |
| 6.678227425 | 1 | |
| 6.718762398 | 1 | |
| 6.723308563 | 1 | |
| 6.74191618 | 1 | |
| 6.748176098 | 1 | |
| 6.775823116 | 1 | |
| 6.786983013 | 1 | |
| 6.822543621 | 1 | |
| 6.838263512 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 11.64816856 | 1 | |
| 11.64491749 | 1 | |
| 11.64002991 | 1 | |
| 11.63357162 | 1 | |
| 11.61685276 | 1 | |
| 11.59828949 | 1 | |
| 11.59455585 | 1 | |
| 11.59170723 | 1 | |
| 11.57978916 | 1 | |
| 11.56700897 | 1 |
social_support
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATION| Distinct | 1878 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 99.6% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.8150725741 |
| Minimum | 0.2909338176 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.9873434901 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.2909338176 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.5776550919 |
| Q1 | 0.7526799887 |
| median | 0.836037308 |
| Q3 | 0.9061918557 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.9514159113 |
| Maximum | 0.9873434901 |
| Range | 0.6964096725 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1535118669 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1159834211 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1422982748 |
| Kurtosis | 1.079518402 |
| Mean | 0.8150725741 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.07455509901 |
| Skewness | -1.084311493 |
| Sum | 1537.226875 |
| Variance | 0.01345215398 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.8351666331 | 9 | 0.5% |
| 0.4506623149 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.871212244 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.7929981351 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.8322537541 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.7983050346 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.7843000889 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6868547797 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.7344309688 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.8105379343 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1868) | 1868 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.2909338176 | 1 | |
| 0.2913336754 | 1 | |
| 0.302955091 | 1 | |
| 0.3256925344 | 1 | |
| 0.372907877 | 1 | |
| 0.3823735118 | 1 | |
| 0.4199728668 | 1 | |
| 0.4222400188 | 1 | |
| 0.4343885183 | 1 | |
| 0.4354135692 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.9873434901 | 1 | |
| 0.984940052 | 1 | |
| 0.9844889641 | 1 | |
| 0.9832860827 | 1 | |
| 0.9825217128 | 1 | |
| 0.9818245769 | 1 | |
| 0.9815017581 | 1 | |
| 0.9802832007 | 1 | |
| 0.9789652824 | 1 | |
| 0.9788397551 | 1 |
healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATION| Distinct | 803 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 42.6% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 63.63339126 |
| Minimum | 32.29999924 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 77.09999847 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 32.29999924 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 49.15499973 |
| Q1 | 59.31499958 |
| median | 65.19999695 |
| Q3 | 68.59999847 |
| 95-th percentile | 73 |
| Maximum | 77.09999847 |
| Range | 44.79999924 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 9.284998894 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 7.319109235 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1150199461 |
| Kurtosis | 0.1476745631 |
| Mean | 63.63339126 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 4.5 |
| Skewness | -0.8080888596 |
| Sum | 120012.5759 |
| Variance | 53.56936 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 65.19999695 | 62 | 3.3% |
| 72.19999695 | 15 | 0.8% |
| 66.40000153 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 67.19999695 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 73 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 66.59999847 | 13 | 0.7% |
| 66.80000305 | 12 | 0.6% |
| 72.40000153 | 12 | 0.6% |
| 68.09999847 | 11 | 0.6% |
| 65.5 | 11 | 0.6% |
| Other values (793) | 1708 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 32.29999924 | 1 | |
| 36.86000061 | 1 | |
| 40.29999924 | 1 | |
| 40.38000107 | 1 | |
| 40.80829239 | 1 | |
| 41.20000076 | 1 | |
| 41.41999817 | 1 | |
| 41.58000183 | 1 | |
| 42.09999847 | 1 | |
| 42.86000061 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 77.09999847 | 1 | |
| 76.80000305 | 1 | |
| 76.5 | 1 | |
| 76.19999695 | 1 | |
| 75.90000153 | 1 | |
| 75.68000031 | 1 | |
| 75.45999908 | 1 | |
| 75.19999695 | 1 | |
| 75.09999847 | 1 | |
| 75.01999664 | 1 |
| Distinct | 1855 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 98.4% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.7450951849 |
| Minimum | 0.2575338185 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.9851777554 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.2575338185 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.4848916233 |
| Q1 | 0.6524778157 |
| median | 0.7634760141 |
| Q3 | 0.8551803529 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.9351277202 |
| Maximum | 0.9851777554 |
| Range | 0.7276439369 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.2027025372 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1395204273 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1872518171 |
| Kurtosis | -0.05145329041 |
| Mean | 0.7450951849 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.1015605927 |
| Skewness | -0.6362118413 |
| Sum | 1405.249519 |
| Variance | 0.01946594964 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.7634760141 | 31 | 1.6% |
| 0.68355757 | 2 | 0.1% |
| 0.6925676465 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6409526467 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.613055706 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6074632406 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5131839514 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5521737337 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.4393997788 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.792734623 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1845) | 1845 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.2575338185 | 1 | |
| 0.2600693107 | 1 | |
| 0.2868143916 | 1 | |
| 0.2946117818 | 1 | |
| 0.3035404086 | 1 | |
| 0.3061318994 | 1 | |
| 0.3145646155 | 1 | |
| 0.3324361145 | 1 | |
| 0.3333120942 | 1 | |
| 0.335223645 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.9851777554 | 1 | |
| 0.9838030338 | 1 | |
| 0.9799371362 | 1 | |
| 0.9711350203 | 1 | |
| 0.9702945352 | 1 | |
| 0.9698979855 | 1 | |
| 0.9697883725 | 1 | |
| 0.9685804844 | 1 | |
| 0.9645611048 | 1 | |
| 0.9643954039 | 1 |
| Distinct | 1811 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 96.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | -0.002257250651 |
| Minimum | -0.3350402415 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.6980987787 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 1111 |
| Negative (%) | 58.9% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | -0.3350402415 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | -0.2275895476 |
| Q1 | -0.1110495012 |
| median | -0.02539299708 |
| Q3 | 0.0848489441 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.3018741235 |
| Maximum | 0.6980987787 |
| Range | 1.03313902 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1958984453 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1599232784 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | -70.84870188 |
| Kurtosis | 1.022810449 |
| Mean | -0.002257250651 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.09732069448 |
| Skewness | 0.8555562826 |
| Sum | -4.257174728 |
| Variance | 0.02557545499 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| -0.02539299708 | 76 | 4.0% |
| 0.03463919461 | 1 | 0.1% |
| -0.08441399783 | 1 | 0.1% |
| -0.08726834506 | 1 | 0.1% |
| -0.05849927291 | 1 | 0.1% |
| -0.0420200862 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.07975184172 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.09940405935 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.03228462115 | 1 | 0.1% |
| -0.0101539325 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1801) | 1801 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| -0.3350402415 | 1 | |
| -0.3164393008 | 1 | |
| -0.3065615594 | 1 | |
| -0.3050121963 | 1 | |
| -0.3049077392 | 1 | |
| -0.303203851 | 1 | |
| -0.3028769791 | 1 | |
| -0.2963664532 | 1 | |
| -0.2950957119 | 1 | |
| -0.2930517793 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.6980987787 | 1 | |
| 0.6893180013 | 1 | |
| 0.6875602007 | 1 | |
| 0.6794263721 | 1 | |
| 0.6500090957 | 1 | |
| 0.6449750662 | 1 | |
| 0.5611383915 | 1 | |
| 0.5553480387 | 1 | |
| 0.5525214076 | 1 | |
| 0.5359854698 | 1 |
| Distinct | 1783 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 94.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.7508450363 |
| Minimum | 0.03519798815 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.9832760096 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.03519798815 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.3214758933 |
| Q1 | 0.6991195679 |
| median | 0.8024281263 |
| Q3 | 0.8680177927 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.9413023889 |
| Maximum | 0.9832760096 |
| Range | 0.9480780214 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1688982248 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1825273649 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.24309592 |
| Kurtosis | 2.205344011 |
| Mean | 0.7508450363 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.07963296771 |
| Skewness | -1.588217771 |
| Sum | 1416.093739 |
| Variance | 0.03331623893 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.8024281263 | 104 | 5.5% |
| 0.5490933657 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6701914072 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6591802835 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6922212839 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.7153561711 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.8547296524 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.9127744436 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.8731402755 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.8656026721 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1773) | 1773 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.03519798815 | 1 | |
| 0.04731115326 | 1 | |
| 0.06028206646 | 1 | |
| 0.06361488253 | 1 | |
| 0.06577527523 | 1 | |
| 0.06961960346 | 1 | |
| 0.07800018042 | 1 | |
| 0.08132489771 | 1 | |
| 0.09460446984 | 1 | |
| 0.09656292945 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.9832760096 | 1 | |
| 0.9829308987 | 1 | |
| 0.978800118 | 1 | |
| 0.9769173861 | 1 | |
| 0.976777494 | 1 | |
| 0.9763396382 | 1 | |
| 0.9760610461 | 1 | |
| 0.9736863375 | 1 | |
| 0.9727389812 | 1 | |
| 0.9726685882 | 1 |
| Distinct | 1868 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 99.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.7115202186 |
| Minimum | 0.3216897547 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.9436206222 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.3216897547 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.5314744413 |
| Q1 | 0.629254818 |
| median | 0.7223914266 |
| Q3 | 0.7992981076 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.8620871753 |
| Maximum | 0.9436206222 |
| Range | 0.6219308674 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1700432897 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1056898035 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1485408296 |
| Kurtosis | -0.568526399 |
| Mean | 0.7115202186 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.08336412907 |
| Skewness | -0.3736491141 |
| Sum | 1341.927132 |
| Variance | 0.01117033457 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.7223914266 | 19 | 1.0% |
| 0.5176371932 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6387372017 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6373282075 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5779115558 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6418868303 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5883365273 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5669442415 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.5755524635 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.6029461026 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1858) | 1858 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.3216897547 | 1 | |
| 0.3513870537 | 1 | |
| 0.3624976873 | 1 | |
| 0.3842924535 | 1 | |
| 0.4209618866 | 1 | |
| 0.4222274721 | 1 | |
| 0.4229276478 | 1 | |
| 0.4241253138 | 1 | |
| 0.4266479611 | 1 | |
| 0.4331152737 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.9436206222 | 1 | |
| 0.9343736768 | 1 | |
| 0.9245609641 | 1 | |
| 0.9189370871 | 1 | |
| 0.9168009758 | 1 | |
| 0.9104969501 | 1 | |
| 0.9027721286 | 1 | |
| 0.9012679458 | 1 | |
| 0.8998123407 | 1 | |
| 0.8997184634 | 1 |
| Distinct | 1873 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 99.3% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.2674211945 |
| Minimum | 0.08273695409 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.5905387402 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 14.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.08273695409 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.1513236538 |
| Q1 | 0.206374187 |
| median | 0.2581173182 |
| Q3 | 0.3189800903 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.4160163626 |
| Maximum | 0.5905387402 |
| Range | 0.5078017861 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1126059033 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.08267082686 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3091408929 |
| Kurtosis | 0.30598214 |
| Mean | 0.2674211945 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.05472916365 |
| Skewness | 0.6151876361 |
| Sum | 504.3563729 |
| Variance | 0.006834465613 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.2581173182 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.2581954896 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.2922946811 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.3069983423 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.3308756649 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.4217519164 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.3627506196 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.3138190508 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.3700538278 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.2511228919 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Other values (1863) | 1863 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.08273695409 | 1 | |
| 0.09269564599 | 1 | |
| 0.09341238439 | 1 | |
| 0.09431612492 | 1 | |
| 0.09549049288 | 1 | |
| 0.09963038564 | 1 | |
| 0.1034937948 | 1 | |
| 0.1061581746 | 1 | |
| 0.1068707779 | 1 | |
| 0.108305417 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.5905387402 | 1 | |
| 0.5812669396 | 1 | |
| 0.5697580576 | 1 | |
| 0.5636311173 | 1 | |
| 0.5570986867 | 1 | |
| 0.5542787313 | 1 | |
| 0.5518397093 | 1 | |
| 0.543836236 | 1 | |
| 0.5382454395 | 1 | |
| 0.5315389037 | 1 |
| Distinct | 10 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 144.5 KiB |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | |
|---|---|
| Latin America and Caribbean | |
| Western Europe | |
| Central and Eastern Europe | |
| Middle East and North Africa | |
| Other values (5) |
Length
| Max length | 34 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 27 |
| Mean length | 21.37062566 |
| Min length | 9 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 40305 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 30 |
| Distinct categories | 4 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | South Asia |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | South Asia |
| 3rd row | South Asia |
| 4th row | South Asia |
| 5th row | South Asia |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 390 | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 279 | |
| Western Europe | 271 | |
| Central and Eastern Europe | 225 | |
| Middle East and North Africa | 211 | |
| Commonwealth of Independent States | 170 | |
| Southeast Asia | 116 | 6.2% |
| South Asia | 84 | 4.5% |
| East Asia | 82 | 4.3% |
| North America and ANZ | 58 | 3.1% |
Length
Category Frequency Plot
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| and | 773 | |
| africa | 601 | 10.2% |
| europe | 496 | 8.5% |
| sub-saharan | 390 | 6.6% |
| america | 337 | 5.7% |
| east | 293 | 5.0% |
| asia | 282 | 4.8% |
| latin | 279 | 4.8% |
| caribbean | 279 | 4.8% |
| western | 271 | 4.6% |
| Other values (11) | 1868 |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5199 | |
| 3983 | 9.9% | |
| e | 3281 | 8.1% |
| n | 3122 | 7.7% |
| r | 3093 | 7.7% |
| t | 2558 | 6.3% |
| i | 1989 | 4.9% |
| d | 1535 | 3.8% |
| o | 1475 | 3.7% |
| s | 1357 | 3.4% |
| Other values (20) | 12713 |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 30500 | |
| Uppercase Letter | 5432 | 13.5% |
| Space Separator | 3983 | 9.9% |
| Dash Punctuation | 390 | 1.0% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5199 | |
| e | 3281 | |
| n | 3122 | |
| r | 3093 | |
| t | 2558 | |
| i | 1989 | 6.5% |
| d | 1535 | 5.0% |
| o | 1475 | 4.8% |
| s | 1357 | 4.4% |
| u | 1086 | 3.6% |
| Other values (8) | 5805 |
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| A | 1278 | |
| S | 1150 | |
| E | 1014 | |
| C | 674 | |
| N | 327 | 6.0% |
| L | 279 | 5.1% |
| W | 271 | 5.0% |
| M | 211 | 3.9% |
| I | 170 | 3.1% |
| Z | 58 | 1.1% |
Space Separator
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3983 |
Dash Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| - | 390 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 35932 | |
| Common | 4373 | 10.8% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5199 | |
| e | 3281 | 9.1% |
| n | 3122 | 8.7% |
| r | 3093 | 8.6% |
| t | 2558 | 7.1% |
| i | 1989 | 5.5% |
| d | 1535 | 4.3% |
| o | 1475 | 4.1% |
| s | 1357 | 3.8% |
| A | 1278 | 3.6% |
| Other values (18) | 11045 |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3983 | ||
| - | 390 | 8.9% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 40305 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5199 | |
| 3983 | 9.9% | |
| e | 3281 | 8.1% |
| n | 3122 | 7.7% |
| r | 3093 | 7.7% |
| t | 2558 | 6.3% |
| i | 1989 | 4.9% |
| d | 1535 | 3.8% |
| o | 1475 | 3.7% |
| s | 1357 | 3.4% |
| Other values (20) | 12713 |
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.First rows
| df_index | country_name | year | life_ladder | log_gdp_per_capita | social_support | healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth | freedom_to_make_life_choices | generosity | perceptions_of_corruption | positive_affect | negative_affect | regional_indicator | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | Afghanistan | 2008 | 3.723590 | 7.370100 | 0.450662 | 50.799999 | 0.718114 | 0.167640 | 0.881686 | 0.517637 | 0.258195 | South Asia |
| 1 | 1 | Afghanistan | 2009 | 4.401778 | 7.539972 | 0.552308 | 51.200001 | 0.678896 | 0.190099 | 0.850035 | 0.583926 | 0.237092 | South Asia |
| 2 | 2 | Afghanistan | 2010 | 4.758381 | 7.646709 | 0.539075 | 51.599998 | 0.600127 | 0.120590 | 0.706766 | 0.618265 | 0.275324 | South Asia |
| 3 | 3 | Afghanistan | 2011 | 3.831719 | 7.619532 | 0.521104 | 51.919998 | 0.495901 | 0.162427 | 0.731109 | 0.611387 | 0.267175 | South Asia |
| 4 | 4 | Afghanistan | 2012 | 3.782938 | 7.705479 | 0.520637 | 52.240002 | 0.530935 | 0.236032 | 0.775620 | 0.710385 | 0.267919 | South Asia |
| 5 | 5 | Afghanistan | 2013 | 3.572100 | 7.725029 | 0.483552 | 52.560001 | 0.577955 | 0.061148 | 0.823204 | 0.620585 | 0.273328 | South Asia |
| 6 | 6 | Afghanistan | 2014 | 3.130896 | 7.718354 | 0.525568 | 52.880001 | 0.508514 | 0.104013 | 0.871242 | 0.531691 | 0.374861 | South Asia |
| 7 | 7 | Afghanistan | 2015 | 3.982855 | 7.701992 | 0.528597 | 53.200001 | 0.388928 | 0.079864 | 0.880638 | 0.553553 | 0.339276 | South Asia |
| 8 | 8 | Afghanistan | 2016 | 4.220169 | 7.696560 | 0.559072 | 53.000000 | 0.522566 | 0.042265 | 0.793246 | 0.564953 | 0.348332 | South Asia |
| 9 | 9 | Afghanistan | 2017 | 2.661718 | 7.697381 | 0.490880 | 52.799999 | 0.427011 | -0.121303 | 0.954393 | 0.496349 | 0.371326 | South Asia |
Last rows
| df_index | country_name | year | life_ladder | log_gdp_per_capita | social_support | healthy_life_expectancy_at_birth | freedom_to_make_life_choices | generosity | perceptions_of_corruption | positive_affect | negative_affect | regional_indicator | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1876 | 1939 | Zimbabwe | 2011 | 4.845642 | 7.846308 | 0.864694 | 48.119999 | 0.632978 | -0.087876 | 0.829800 | 0.781189 | 0.210544 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1877 | 1940 | Zimbabwe | 2012 | 4.955101 | 7.983468 | 0.896476 | 49.540001 | 0.469531 | -0.102505 | 0.858691 | 0.669279 | 0.177311 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1878 | 1941 | Zimbabwe | 2013 | 4.690188 | 7.985391 | 0.799274 | 50.959999 | 0.575884 | -0.104101 | 0.830937 | 0.711885 | 0.182288 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1879 | 1942 | Zimbabwe | 2014 | 4.184451 | 7.991335 | 0.765839 | 52.380001 | 0.642034 | -0.073880 | 0.820217 | 0.725214 | 0.239111 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1880 | 1943 | Zimbabwe | 2015 | 3.703191 | 7.992339 | 0.735800 | 53.799999 | 0.667193 | -0.123171 | 0.810457 | 0.715079 | 0.178861 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1881 | 1944 | Zimbabwe | 2016 | 3.735400 | 7.984372 | 0.768425 | 54.400002 | 0.732971 | -0.094634 | 0.723612 | 0.737636 | 0.208555 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1882 | 1945 | Zimbabwe | 2017 | 3.638300 | 8.015738 | 0.754147 | 55.000000 | 0.752826 | -0.097645 | 0.751208 | 0.806428 | 0.224051 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1883 | 1946 | Zimbabwe | 2018 | 3.616480 | 8.048798 | 0.775388 | 55.599998 | 0.762675 | -0.068427 | 0.844209 | 0.710119 | 0.211726 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1884 | 1947 | Zimbabwe | 2019 | 2.693523 | 7.950132 | 0.759162 | 56.200001 | 0.631908 | -0.063791 | 0.830652 | 0.716004 | 0.235354 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| 1885 | 1948 | Zimbabwe | 2020 | 3.159802 | 7.828757 | 0.717243 | 56.799999 | 0.643303 | -0.008696 | 0.788523 | 0.702573 | 0.345736 | Sub-Saharan Africa |